Summary
The use of AC-coupled or DC-coupled battery energy storage systems (BESS) in solar-plus-storage deployments is not as straightforward as initially thought, with real project behavior showing that higher efficiency alone does not guarantee better economic performance. A detailed engineering study found that the interaction between PV production, grid constraints, and system cost introduces complexities that cannot be captured by simplified assumptions about efficiency. The study aimed to design and evaluate two architectures using AC and DC coupling approaches under a clearly defined use case.